Dog Core Vaccines
Vaccines are used as a method of controlling the spread of infectious disease within the high-risk environment of the animal shelter. The Ontario SPCA employs these core dog vaccines:
DA2PP – Distemper (CDV), Adenovirus –2 (CAV-2/hepatitis), Parvovirus (CPV), Parainfluenza (CPIV)
Intranasal 3-way vaccine – Bordetella (kennel cough), Parainfluenza, Adenovirus-2
A more detailed description of the core vaccine components are as follows:
DISTEMPER (CDV)
This potentially fatal disease is caused by a virus. It is spread through contact with the bodily secretions of infected puppies or dogs. Clinical signs may include diarrhea, fever, upper respiratory signs (runny eyes and nose) and neurological signs (muscle tremors and seizures).
ADENOVIRUS-2 (CAV-2/HEPATITIS)
Hepatitis is a viral disease spread through contact with infected urine or feces. The virus enters the tonsils and lymph nodes where it reproduces before attacking the liver and intestine. Signs include fever, tonsillitis, ocular and nasal discharge, and depression. Sudden death can occur, especially in puppies.
PARVOVIRUS (CPV)
This is a common viral disease that primarily affects unvaccinated puppies or adults. It is often fatal without treatment. Affected canines usually present with large amounts of watery or bloody diarrhea, vomiting and severe dehydration. Parvovirus is highly contagious. It is spread by contact with the feces of infected patients and can live in the environment for months to years.
PARAINFLUENZA (CPIV)
This is one of several viruses that contribute to Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC) also known as kennel cough or infectious tracheobronchitis. Dogs affected have a dry hacking cough, eye and nasal discharge. Vaccinating against Canine Viral Parainfluenza can decrease the severity of clinical signs in dogs that acquire kennel cough.
BORDETELLA (KENNEL COUGH)
This bacteria is the common cause of kennel cough in puppies and adults. The vaccine is administered intranasally. Unlike the modified live virus vaccines, an additional dose is not required during the animal’s stay.
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