Dr. Joey Tang, DVM 

What is feline Panleukopenia? 

Feline panleukopenia is a contagious, and potentially life-threatening viral infection in cats caused by the Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV). This virus is transmitted between cats via bodily fluid, including feces, urine, saliva, and nasal discharge. However, it can also be carried to other cats via inorganic vectors (such as clothing, bedding, etc.). Although it is extremely infectious between cats, this virus is limited to cats only and cannot infect other species, such as humans and dogs. 

Once the virus enters a cat’s body, it typically targets the bone marrow and the GI system of the animal. When the virus infects the bone marrow, it affects the production of the white blood cells (immune cells of the body), leading to a decrease in the total number of white blood cells within the body. Due to this, the body’s immune system is weakened and becomes more susceptible to other infections. In the GI system, the virus causes destruction to the inner lining of the GI tract, typically leading to diarrhea. 

Which cats are at risk? 

The Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV) is quite common in our environment and therefore most cats are exposed to the virus to some extent during their lifespan. However, because of the existence of a highly effective vaccine, infection and clinical disease tend to be limited to unvaccinated cats (especially kittens), barn/feral cats, and occasionally shelters. 

Symptoms of Panleukopenia 

The most common clinical signs associated with Feline Panleukopenia are:  

• Diarrhea 
• Loss of appetite   
• Lethargy   
• Potential for fever and vomiting to develop 

If a pregnant mother cat becomes infected with FPV during pregnancy, it is possible for the virus to infect the fetuses and cause cerebellar hypoplasia. These kittens will be born with underdeveloped cerebellums, which then lead to tremoring during purposeful movement. Kittens with cerebellar hypoplasia are considered to have a good quality of life; however, they will have abnormal/wobbly gaits for the rest of their lives. 

Treatment of Panleukopenia 

Unfortunately, there is no current cure or direct treatment for this viral disease. Therefore, treatment is aimed towards supportive care and treatment of secondary infections. This typically includes antibiotics for potential secondary bacterial infections, fluid therapy to aid with dehydration, and potentially other medications to help with the clinical signs. 

A cat that has undergone treatment and recovered can still potentially shed the virus for up to another six weeks.  

Prevention 

Although there isn’t a treatment for this virus, there is a very effective vaccine available. This vaccination is considered as a core vaccine for every cat and is typically recommended during kittenhood, every three to four weeks from six weeks old to about 16 weeks, and throughout adult life. 

If this information was helpful, please help us continue to educate about pet health and well-being by making a donation. As a registered charity that does not receive annual government funding, the Ontario SPCA depends on the generosity of donors to change the lives of animals in need. 

 

To help support pet families in times of need, the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society offers a variety of Community Support Services, including its Pawsitive Packs initiative designed to provide essential supplies to families with animals who are facing financial hardship or housing insecurity. 

Essential pet items fill packs 

To date, we’ve distributed over 100 Pawsitive Packs in York Region, providing essential pet care supplies to people who need extra support caring for their furry family members. These backpacks are filled with items like collars, leashes, portable bowls, toys, treats, and dog coats and are distributed through local food banks and social service agencies. 

Thanks to incredible support from donors and community partners, we’ve also expanded this initiative into Orillia and Cornwall, reaching even more families in need. Close to 50 packs have been distributed in those communities.  

A helping hand for our community 

The goal of Pawsitive Packs is to support families and prevent unnecessary rehoming of their beloved furry friends. Many recipients are unhoused or at risk of losing their homes, and the packs help ensure their animals remain safe and cared for. Local social services agencies identify community members who could benefit from these packs and distribute the supplies to them.This initiative has made a profound emotional impact, with recipients expressing sincere gratitude for the help in keeping their pets safe and warm. 

“I was in desperate need of a leash and other things for my dog,” shares one recipient, who received one of the packs through the Lighthouse in Orillia. “The Pawsitive Packs really made a great difference in our day, and keeping Jack safe and warm.” 

Keeping pets with the people who love them 

This program is part of a larger effort by the Ontario SPCA to provide resources that keep animals with their families. In addition to the packs, we distributed over 367,000 lbs of pet food to food banks in 2024, which equates to more than a million meals for animals in need.  

Providing accessible veterinary care is another way we keep families and their beloved furry friends together. We offer basic veterinary services at our clinics in Stouffville and Barrie for families without the means to take their animal to a local veterinarian for routine care. These services include physical examinations, vaccinations, and microchipping. Animals requiring additional care are referred to local veterinarians for treatment. 

Pet-friendly warming centres 

In partnership with the County of Simcoe, the Ontario SPCA is providing additional support to help vulnerable residents and their pets stay warm during the winter. 

Thanks to a generous donation from the Ontario SPCA Barrie Animal Centre, individuals experiencing homelessness can now bring their pets to the Barrie East warming centre and the Wasaga Beach warming centre. This expanded collaboration between the County and the Ontario SPCA ensures that unhoused individuals and their pets can have greater access to safe, warm shelter during the winter months, allowing them to stay together. 

A unique partnership in Durham Region 

The Humane Society of Durham Region is working together with the Christian Faith Outreach Centre (CFOC) to expand its sheltering efforts to accommodate animal companions. 

The demographics of homelessness in Durham have shifted to include more families, couples, and people with pets. To address this, CFOC has opened dog-friendly shelters in Whitby and Ajax, providing a safe place for individuals to stay with their pets. This ensures they don’t have to choose between shelter and rehoming their animals. The Ontario SPCA supports this effort by supplying pet food, collars, jackets, and kennels to help keep both people and their pets safe and comfortable. 

Get involved 

Your donations can help ensure that animals in need receive the support they deserve. You can donate supplies or funds directly to the Pawsitive Packs initiative by donating online at ontariospca.ca/donate 

Together, we can help keep pets with the families who love them. For more information, visit ontariospca.ca/communitysupport 

Adding a cat or a dog to a home where there is an existing dog or cat can pose a challenge, but it is not impossible. They may or may not become fast friends, but with the right introductions, they can learn to share the same house.  

Important tips:  

• Remember that certain dog breeds have a higher prey drive than others and need to be monitored closely when introducing a cat to a dog, or vice versa.  
• Be sure to have the dog on a leash whenever the cat is nearby and during the initial period of adjustment.  
• Make sure to never encroach on a cat’s area or safe spot, as this can create a feeling of them being trapped, which can increase their fear, anxiety and stress.  
• Do not allow the dog to walk directly up to the cat, as this can be extremely terrifying for the cat and could pose a safety risk.  
• Make the introduction in a neutral area in the home with two people; one to reward the dog and one to reward the cat.  
• We want to create as positive an interaction as possible between the two. Treats in hand will help distract the dog from getting too excited and will help redirect their focus away from the cat.  
• Never leave the cat and dog unattended together, as this can pose a high safety risk.  
• To help ease the transition for the cat in the home, using a pheromone-based plug in and/or spray, such as Feliway™ (CEVA), can help to reduce stress-induced behaviours by sending calming signals to the cats. You can use both at the same time and they will not affect each other.  
• For the dog in the home you can use Adaptil™ (CEVA), which uses pheromones as “comforting messages” to help dogs feel calm, confident and reassure them in challenging situations.  
• Both pheromone-based products can be helpful during the initial stages of bringing a new pet home.  Ceva is a global leader in pet behaviour solutions, offering FELIWAY® for cats and ADAPTIL® for dogs – pheromone-based products that help provide a sense of familiarity and reassurance by mimicking naturally occurring pheromones. These products support animals as they adjust to new environments, helping them feel more at ease. 

Always ask your veterinarian before introducing any new product to your pet.  

Step 1: Scent and exploration.  

• Take the dog for a long walk before any introductions to release some energy and increase focus before introducing animals in the home. Create a positive association with the environment before introducing the animals to each other.  
• Have the cat and dog separated in their own spaces with a door or a baby gate between them, if possible.  
• Place a scented blanket or bed belonging to the dog in the cat area and the cat’s blanket or bedding in the dog’s area so they can get used to each other’s scents.  
• Do not place the item near any resources that the cat needs to access (e.g. food, litter, bed area) as we don’t want to spook the cat away from those places.  
• Cats may take longer to adjust to the scent of a dog, so make sure to provide them adequate time to get comfortable with the scent.  
• Allow the dog and cat adequate time apart before moving onto Step 2 to be sure their stress levels are low when introducing them to each other.  

Step 2: Observing each other in a neutral setting.  

Safety for both the cat and dog is imperative. Always have the dog leashed and allow the cat to have a high perch or safe place to get away, if needed. A larger room is suggested for this meeting to keep the cat from feeling trapped.  

*Note: It is best to continue the following exercise over the first few days, with brief visits to allow both animals to get used to having the other present without the situation being overwhelming to either animal. 

• Take the dog outside for another long walk or playtime prior to meeting the cat to reduce energy levels.  
• Bring the cat into the introduction room and allow it to settle before bringing the dog inside.  
• Be sure to have high value treats (e.g. cheese, hot dogs etc.) on you to reward positive behaviours during the meeting – this will also help you to turn the dog’s focus back on you if they are getting too excited.  
• Bring the dog inside on a leash and allow time to sniff around the far side of the room, opposite the cat.  
• There should be two people present, one handling the dog and one monitoring the cat’s behaviour.  
• If at any time the cat or dog is showing high amounts of stress, stop this activity and go back to Step 1.  
• The dog may see the cat right away and pull on the leash to get to it. If this happens, try to redirect the dog’s focus to you by distracting them with treats. Or, if needed, walk the dog back out of the room and reward them. Wait until the dog has settled down before trying again.  
• It is okay for the dog to be interested in the cat, but if the dog is fixated and cannot be redirected with treats or praise, the dog may have a high prey drive and extreme caution should be used.  
• The dog should be handled by a calm, relaxed adult and, if possible, try to have the leash slack as you let your dog explore.  
• Continue to have the dog sniff around the far side of the room and allow the cat to observe the dog from afar.  
• If the cat is staying calm and showing little to no signs of stress, slowly walk the dog into the middle of the room, closer to the cat but still keeping space between the two.  
• At this time, allow the dog to settle by getting them to focus on you, or gently pet the dog to help them relax. While you do this, allow the cat to freely roam the room to explore.  
• If the cat and dog are both staying calm, positively reward them with affection and/or treats and take the dog back outside the room.  

Step 3: Monitored meet and greet.  

This step should only occur when both the cat and dog have had calm periods of time observing each other from afar. Depending on multiple factors, like experience with another dog or cat, the breed of the dog and the personality of the cat, it may take days or weeks to arrive at this step.  

• As in Step 2, make sure the dog is exercised, leashed and calm and the cat has a hiding place and a perch available.  
• Bring the cat into the room and have the leashed dog walk in, as you were doing before.  
• Monitor both the cat and dog for stress.  
• If both animals are calm and relaxed, it is time to let them meet.  
• Slowly have the dog walk by the cat and allow them to sniff each other, watching for any signs of fear or aggression.  
• Try not to let the cat and dog sniff nose to nose, as this can be very intimidating for the cat.  
• As soon as they sniff each other, reward both and continue to walk the dog away from the cat.  
• Allow both the dog and cat to settle apart from each other and repeat a few times.  
• Even if they are getting along well, keep the interactions short, as it is best to end these meet-and-greet sessions on a positive note.  

Monitoring for emotional distress  

It is imperative that cats are monitored for emotional distress, especially during the first days or weeks. If these signs occur during this time, allow for more space and separation from the dog. Body language signs of distress include:  

• Being highly reluctant to move around the room.  
• Flattening ears and/or body (if this occurs allow the cat to be able to get up high or to a hiding place).  
• An arched back, fur may be standing up and twisting their body to the side.  
• Urination or defecation out of the litter box.  
• Yowling, excessive vocalizations or hissing.  
• Swatting at the dog.  
• Pacing.  

Monitoring your dog’s body language

Since some dogs can have a high prey drive, it is extremely important for the safety of the cat that you closely monitor your dog’s body language during the different steps of introduction. Things to look for in your dog include:

• Stiff body with a very direct stare at the cat.  
• Lunging towards the cat.  
• Over excitement, barking, jumping, whining.  
• Growling or trying to bite.  

 If these behaviours occur and redirecting the dog with treats and praise is not possible, it is suggested to keep the cat and dog separated and to contact a professional positive reinforcement-based animal trainer to assist in next steps.  

Some cats and dogs can get along and thrive in a home together. However, others simply cannot do so safely. Each cat and dog have had different experiences and have personalities that can determine the success of cohabitation.   

Being prepared and taking the necessary steps can greatly increase the likelihood of a successful relationship. With gradual exposure to the other, patience and a lot of positive reinforcement, a peaceful co-existence is possible.   

Visit our blog for more training tips.   

We are excited to welcome Alexandra Gordon as the new Provincial Operations Manager of Central Region at the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society. With extensive experience in healthcare management and a deep passion for animal welfare, Allie is eager to make a meaningful impact. 

“The Ontario SPCA’s mission aligns with my values, and I’m excited to bring my experience and passion to help enhance operations, support our incredible staff and volunteers, and continue advocating for animals in need,” says Allie. 

Passion for animals 

Allie’s love for animals began at a young age, having always had dogs and spending time on a relative’s farm with horses and cows. Her connection to the Ontario SPCA’s Northern outreach initiatives is particularly personal. 

“My first dog was a dog from Moosonee, so the relationship that the Ontario SPCA has built with the dogs from the North hits very close to home for me,” shares Allie. 

Her journey into animal welfare began with volunteering at animal centres and shelters, where she quickly realized the importance of providing compassion and care to animals in need. Over the years, she worked with various organizations dedicated to improving the lives of animals, gaining valuable experience along the way. 

A wealth of experience 

Allie brings a wealth of experience to her new role, particularly in healthcare management. She has worked extensively in long-term care and retirement home management and holds an undergraduate degree in Psychology, along with a postgraduate qualification in Therapeutic Recreation and Training Adults. 

“My caregiving background, compassion for animals, and strong interpersonal skills equip me to provide care and support in the centre environment,” says Allie. “With extensive experience working with volunteers, I can assist with communication both internally and with potential adopters. Additionally, my advocacy experience enables me to effectively advocate for the animals, making a positive impact on their lives.” 

Looking ahead 

Allie is inspired by and feels a close connection to the Ontario SPCA’s mission. Though she recognizes the challenges of meeting the growing demand for animal care, she remains optimistic. 

“Every role in animal welfare comes with challenges, but with the support of our amazing team, we will continue to rise to them and make a real difference,” she says. 

Life outside of her role 

Outside of her professional life, Allie, her husband, and their two sons stay active and enjoy a variety of hobbies. She plays basketball, enjoys running, and is a committed coach for her son’s basketball and baseball teams. In the summer, Allie loves to swim and spend time at the beach, balancing her love for outdoor activities with family time.  

“Taking care of yourself is essential to being able to care for others,” she says, reflecting on her commitment to work-life balance. 

A message to the community 

To the Ontario SPCA community and supporters, Allie offers a heartfelt message. “I am excited to begin the work here alongside each of you to make a difference in the lives of these animals,” she says. “It’s important to remember that the small deeds you do each day do change these animals’ lives. It is hard and very significant work, but the impact is immense.” 

We’re excited to have Allie as part of our team and look forward to the positive change she will bring in her new role. Please join us in welcoming Alexandra Gordon to the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society! 

Join us 

The Ontario SPCA and Humane Society has a wide variety of career opportunities supporting animal well-being across the province of Ontario. To learn more, visit: ontariospca.ca/who-we-are/employment/ 

Facing a bleak and uncertain future, a Shepherd mix named Marty was saved by his resilient spirit and the help of a few good friends. 

When Marty arrived at the Ontario SPCA Orillia Animal Centre at just five months old, it was unclear whether he would survive. Marty was emaciated; his patchy fur stretched tightly over his protruding bones. Tests showed he had an enlarged heart and a severe heart murmur. His joints were misshaped and likely quite painful. He had a hunch in his back and couldn’t raise his tail due to joint complications.  

The prognosis was grim, and the veterinarian warned that Marty’s heart might give out as he battled his way back to health.  

A miraculous recovery 

Bucking the odds, Marty made it through several rounds of treatment and surgery, all made possible thanks to generous supporters.  

Sadly, when it was time to find a loving home, Marty was overlooked by potential adopters. But his foster caregiver saw the spark for life in his eyes. He found so much joy and excitement as he searched for frogs in every lake, pond or puddle he came across.  

“Marty loves everybody and wants everyone to love him,” says Marty’s foster caregiver, recalling her time with Marty. “He likes to give everyone kisses and snuggle with everyone. He’s such a kind and gentle soul, with love for all other animals and his humans. He’s full of life and a very happy puppy.” 

To help find a family for Marty, the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society shared Marty’s story far and wide on social media, and he was even featured on a local radio station. Finally, after 130 days, Marty found his loving home.  

A new leash on life 

When his adopter, Katherine, reached out to our animal centre to see what dogs were available, Marty sounded like a perfect fit. 

“He sounded like an amazing dog,” says Katherine. “We fell in love with him as soon as we met him. He is an absolutely amazing pup.” 

Thanks to a loving new family, Marty’s life has now turned around. He has gained weight and his veterinarians are comfortable with his current health status. 

“He’s a very strong boy who boots around the back yard so fast now,” Katherine says. “He absolutely loves the snow just as much as the lake.  He’s always searching for icicles, hiding his toys in the snow and finding them later. When it’s snowing, he tries to catch the snowflakes.”  

An active pup, Marty loves playing with his new foster-sibling Maize, and cuddling with everyone in the house. 

Marty’s comeback story is a testament to the power of community spirit. If you were touched by his story, help us continue to provide care and shelter for animals like Marty by making a donation. As a registered charity that does not receive annual government funding, the Ontario SPCA depends on the generosity of donors to change the lives of animals in need. 

Guest blog by Dr Emmanuel Fontaine, Scientific Communications Veterinarian at Royal Canin North America 

Welcoming a kitten into your home is an exciting journey filled with love, laughter, and countless moments of joy. Yet, amidst the joy and excitement this furry bundle of joy brings, it’s easy to forget that for the kitten, this transition is as daunting as it is thrilling. Indeed, the echoes of a mother’s purr fading in the background, the familiar scent of siblings replaced by a collage of strange new odours, the kitten enters an entirely new universe. The purpose of this blog? To guide you, the new parent of this delightful creature, in this delicate dance of initiation. To offer a compass as you navigate the complex labyrinth of helping your kitten transition from its former life into its new home. This is not a journey of speed, but one that reveres patience, as we help our kittens blossom into their curious, playful selves. 

Peeking into a Kitten’s Mind: Why Patience is Key 

Picture a tiny kitten standing at the threshold of a new world, its heart pounding with a mixture of fear and curiosity. This isn’t just an unfamiliar house; it’s an alien landscape brimming with new scents, sounds, and sights. It’s a world that lacks the comforting presence of its mother and siblings. For the kitten, this change is not just disorientating—it’s terrifying. 

It’s vital, then, to approach this journey with a deep reservoir of patience. We are their guides in this new world, their lighthouses amidst a sea of uncertainty. Our role is to reassure them, to demonstrate that this new world, though daunting at first, is also a place of safety, warmth, and love. 

Speed is not our ally here. Instead, we must slow down, step into their tiny paw-prints, and walk alongside them at their pace. This approach is not only about ensuring their comfort but also about establishing a foundation of trust. 

Over the next few days, your home will slowly transform in your kitten’s eyes, morphing from an intimidating unknown to a space brimming with possibilities. However, this metamorphosis hinges on your patience. Remember, this is a marathon, not a sprint. Each moment of patience you invest during this initial phase will pay dividends in the form of a confident, happy, and trusting cat in the days to come. 

Kitty’s Cozy Corner: Setting up a Safe Space for Your New Kitten 

Think of your home as an uncharted landscape, a vast jungle full of towering furniture, hidden nooks, and the intoxicating allure of the unknown. To us, it’s home; to a kitten, it’s an overwhelming sensory overload. 

Our goal here, then, is to transform this boundless jungle into a cozy, comforting den for our little explorers. This initial safe space, a quiet room, is like the kitten’s base camp – a secure launch pad from where they can gradually explore their new world. 

Consider this room a canvas, a stage set where your kitten first takes on the role of the explorer. The bed is their mountain, the window their lookout, the toys their prey. A place of comfort where they can retreat when the world seems too big, too loud, too much. 

Your kitten might seem tiny, lost in this room, their plaintive cries echoing in the silent hours of the night. They might weep a little on the first few nights, their tiny bodies curled up in the corner. This is their song of longing for what was familiar, what was home. Remember, this is not a cause for alarm but a signal of their adjustment to the new environment. 

As you observe this, bear in mind what we mentioned earlier: you need to guide your kitten gently, with empathy and patience, from fear to familiarity. Your role is not merely of a caretaker, but of a patient companion who understands the pangs of this separation and responds with gentle reassurance. 

This quiet room is the first step in their journey of discovery. Here, they begin to unravel the mysteries of their new environment, learning to trust the sights, sounds, and smells that will soon become their home. Your patience and understanding during these crucial first days lay the foundation for a bond that will only deepen with time. And this will be the start of a beautiful friendship! 

Kitten’s Odyssey: Gradually Expanding Your Kitten’s World  

The next step is to gradually open the doors of their base camp, unveiling new territories for them to conquer. Here again, this process is not a hasty one, but a gradual unveiling of the house. Each room is a new chapter in their book of adventures, filled with new sights, sounds, and most importantly, smells. 

Cats, unlike us, perceive their world through a rich tapestry of scents. Each room carries a unique fragrance, a signature scent that tells a story. The kitchen with its heady mix of food aromas, the living room bearing the scent of frequent human activity, the laundry room with the comforting smell of clean clothes – each room is a new chapter in their olfactory journey. 

This is a significant turning point, where the initial fear begins to dissolve, replaced by an insatiable curiosity. Here, the kitten starts to truly engage with their new environment, their senses awakened to the myriad experiences their new home offers. 

Once again, remember: patience is your ally here. Allow your kitten the time to adjust, to explore, to understand their new surroundings. With each new room they explore, they are not just expanding their territory but also growing in confidence, inching closer to being the curious, playful creatures they are destined to be.  

Purr-spective: Supervision and Spotting the Sneaky Hazards 

A kitten’s curiosity, while endearing, can sometimes lead them into potentially dangerous situations. 

Every house, no matter how kitten-proof, hides potential hazards that our tiny explorers, with their inquisitive paws and noses, can quickly uncover. A loose cord, a small toy, an unattended pot on the stove – through the lens of a kitten, these mundane objects transform into enticing puzzles, each demanding investigation. 

Understanding potential risks allows you to create a safer environment for your kitten. As their human guardian, your role is to supervise their adventures, stepping in when their curiosity leads them towards danger. 

This doesn’t mean watching their every move, but rather being aware of their environment and intervening when necessary. Supervision is an act of love, a testament to your commitment to their wellbeing. It’s about creating a space where their curiosity can flourish within the bounds of safety. 

Scent-imental Journey: A Powerful Tip for Smoothing Your Kitten’s Transition 

For cats, smells aren’t just odours; they’re a language, a means of communication, a map of their territory, and a comforting blanket of familiarity. Taking this into account, here is a powerful tip that can significantly ease your kitten’s transition. 

The idea is simple yet powerful: use a rag to collect facial secretions from your kitten’s cheeks and forehead and rub it against the bottom of the walls in other rooms. To us, this action might seem insignificant, but to our kitten, it’s like spreading comforting whispers of familiarity throughout the house. 

Imagine the reassurance your kitten feels as they explore a new room and find their scent marking their surroundings. It’s a reassurance that speaks to their most primal instincts, a signal that they belong, that this place is their home. 

Your journey with your kitten is just beginning. This initial stage is not just about them adapting to a new home, it’s about you and your kitten learning to coexist, to communicate, to understand one another. Each day brings new discoveries, new experiences, and a gradual strengthening of the bond that ties you together. Remember, there are no shortcuts in this journey, only small, patient steps towards a lifelong companionship! 

 Emmanuel Fontaine graduated from the Toulouse Veterinary School in 2004, he continued his studies at the Alfort Veterinary School (Paris) as trainee Vet in the domestic carnivore unit of the Reproduction Department. From 2005 to 2011, he worked at the Centre d’Etude en Reproduction des Carnivores (CERCA) [Research Centre for Reproduction in Carnivores], a unit specializing in pet breeding assistance. Emmanuel Fontaine is also qualified at the European College for Animal Reproduction (ECAR) and completed his PhD in 2012 on the use of GnRH agonists in canines. From September 2011 to September 2018, he worked as Technical Services Veterinarian for the PRO team at Royal Canada. He then was in charge of Scientific Communication for the Americas until August 2022. He now works as Senior Scientific Communications Veterinarian for Royal Canin North America.   

Discover a new way to incorporate leafy greens into your small animal’s diet in a fun, natural and engaging way! Integrating a vegetable garden for them is a great way to provide enrichment for your little furry friends.   

Get started on creating a garden for your small animals with our favourite tips below.   

Carefully choose your plants  

There are many plants that are beneficial to include in a garden for small animals.  

“Leafy greens are fantastic – romaine lettuce, green leaf lettuce, butterhead or bibb lettuce,” says Jocelyn Rutgers, Registered Veterinary Technician at the Ontario SPCA Midland & District Animal Centre “Many herbs are also a great choice, and are very easy to grow; basil, cilantro, parsley, and mint are all great choices. Wheat grass is very fast growing and is enjoyed by many small animal species. Some fun veggies to grow include bell peppers (great for their high vitamin C content, especially for Guinea Pigs), cucumber and zucchini.” 

She adds, “Everyone always wants to give their rabbits carrots, which you can certainly grow, but they need to be fed quite sparingly as they are high in sugar! If you want something really easy, dandelion greens are also enjoyed by small animals, and being a ‘weed’ they are fast to grow.”  

Set a welcoming environment  

If you want animals to enjoy your garden, it is crucial to avoid chemical herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers. Avoid damaging the health of natural organisms whenever possible, using organic methods to protect the balance of nature and prevent harm.   

Deter unwanted visitors  

To avoid unwanted visitors, plan for natural and manmade barriers. Organic deterrents can be helpful to rid your plants of harmful insects. For example, crushed eggshells on your garden base can help prevent unwelcome intruders. Encouraging natural predators such as frogs and birds can help lessen this burden.   

Planting wildflowers such as Marigolds in your vegetable garden not only adds beautiful colour, but also gives the wildlife such as birds something to feast on rather than your veggies. To prevent wild animals from raiding all your veggies, consider heavily scented herbs like lavender to deter the deer from a certain crop.   

Kijiji garden  

The Ontario SPCA York Region Animal Centre partnered with Kijiji staff to build a vegetable garden for the small animals at our centre in Stouffville.  The garden is intended to provide sustainable enrichment and nutritious greens for the small animals in our care while they await fur-ever homes.   

The Kijiji team helped us build the garden to reduce the need to purchase produce and create a more sustainable resource for our pocket pets. Their dedicated staff come back each year to help us refresh and replant so that every season we have wonderful fresh veggies and herbs for our small animals.   

If this information was helpful, please help us continue to educate about pet health and well-being by making a donation. 

Kitten season is upon us, which means it’s the time of year when Ontario SPCA animal centres see an increase in the number of feline families, pregnant cats and litters of orphaned kittens come into their care.   

During this busy time at Ontario SPCA animal centres across the province, our staff and volunteers are focused on helping these tiny feline friends and their moms thrive. It can sometimes mean sleepless nights, round-the-clock bottle feeding, veterinary appointments and all the usual care that comes with keeping cats and kittens happy and healthy.    

Kitten season might begin in the spring, but it doesn’t typically peak until the late summer months.  

Foster families save lives    

When a pregnant cat comes into our care, we try to place her in a foster home wherever possible. This gives mom a quiet, comfortable space to have her babies. As her kittens grow, that one-on-one time with their foster family in a home environment helps socialize them and prepare them for the day when they will be adopted into their loving home.   

Fostering kittens is a big job, especially when it comes to caring for orphaned kittens who need constant care and feeding. Without a mother, they depend on their foster family for everything.    

To help set our foster families up for success, we send them home with all the supplies they will need to care for their feline family. Our animal centres are in regular contact with the foster families to help ensure things go smoothly. The kittens come back to our animal centres every two weeks to be weighed, and so we can administer any de-worming or vaccinations needed at that time.    

Learn more about becoming a foster volunteer    

Preventing kitten season   

Spaying and neutering animals is the key to reducing the number of homeless cats and kittens that come into our animal centres. To put it in perspective, one female cat is capable of producing as many as 120 kittens in her lifetime!    

You can help reduce pet overpopulation by speaking to your veterinarian about having your cat spayed or neutered. To learn more about the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society’s spay/neuter services, visit ontariospca.ca/spayneuter  

Already have your pets spayed or neutered? Thank you! Please consider “Spaying it forward” by making a donation to cover the cost of a spay or neuter surgery for an animal in our care.    

Pet Valu cat cabins   

Through its Companions for Change program, Pet Valu generously provides a $180,000* sponsorship  for the Ontario SPCA’s Cat Cabin Program which supplies cat cabins to the felines in our care.  

These cabins offer cats and kittens enrichment and a place where they can hide, which helps them to feel more comfortable in an unfamiliar environment. Available in two themed designs – Cabin in the Meow-tains and Miami Beach– each cabin has  a flat perch-like surface on top of the enclosed cabin area, so cats can sit off the floor which helps them feel secure. Kittens also enjoy playing in the cat cabins, particularly climbing and chasing each other through the two entrances 

When a cat is adopted from the Ontario SPCA, their same cat cabin can be brought home with them. Once home, adopters are encouraged to reassemble the cabin, as it has the cat’s scent on it and helps ease their transition into their new home by offering a familiar place to perch, sleep, and hide. This brings a familiar piece of furniture with them, making the transition to a new home easier. 

If you’ve been thinking of welcoming a furry friend into your family, visit our adoption page at ontariospca.ca/adopt to see cats and kittens available for adoption.  

*Pet Valu provides this amount over the full term of the agreement. 

IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Stouffville, ON (April 3, 2025) – The clock is ticking, and the jackpot is climbing! With just one week left before the April 10 Grand Prize Draw, time is running out to get in on the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society’s Spring Draws for Paws 50/50 Lottery for your chance to win big.

The jackpot has already reached $83,000, and the more tickets sold, the bigger it grows—don’t let this life-changing opportunity slip through your paws!

Tickets are selling fast at ontariospcalottery.ca Starting at only $10, there’s a ticket package for every budget.

• $10 for 10 tickets
• $20 for 40 tickets
• $40 for 200 tickets
• $75 for 500 tickets

Last fall’s 50/50 winner walked away with more than $142,000—will you be the next lucky animal lover to cash in? Even if you’re not the lucky top dog taking home the Grand Prize, you’re still a winner in the eyes of animals in need. Every ticket purchased supports animal welfare initiatives across Ontario.

Fetch your tickets now at ontariospcalottery.ca before it’s too late!

Lottery License No. RAF1446521

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Note to producers/editors: B-roll footage is available at https://youtu.be/NqjJct00Wco

MEDIA CONTACT

Media Relations

Ontario SPCA and Humane Society

905-898-7122 x 375

[email protected]

 

The Ontario SPCA and Humane Society 

The Ontario SPCA and Humane Society is a registered charity that has been changing the lives of animals for over 150 years. The Society provides care, comfort and compassion to animals in need in communities across Ontario. It values all animals and advocates to treat them with respect and kindness. The Society strives to keep pets and families together and does so through a variety of community support services, such as sheltering and adoptions, including emergency sheltering, feral cat management programs, animal transfers, food distribution, humane education, animal advocacy, and spay/neuter services.

The Ontario SPCA does not receive annual government funding and relies on donations to provide programs and services to help animals in need. To learn more, or to donate, visit ontariospca.ca. Charitable Business # 88969-1044-RR0002.

The Ontario SPCA and Humane Society Provincial Office sits on the traditional territory of the Wendat, the Anishinabek Nation, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, the Mississaugas of Scugog, Hiawatha and Alderville First Nations and the Métis Nation. This territory was the subject of the Dish With One Spoon Wampum Belt Covenant, an agreement between the Iroquois Confederacy and the Ojibwe and allied nations to peaceably share and care for the resources around the Great Lakes. The treaties that were signed for this particular parcel of land are collectively referred to as the Williams Treaties of 1923.

Spring has arrived! This means a lot of outdoor fun and playtime for you and your furry friend! While this is an exciting time of year, let’s not forget about the importance of seasonal care for your pet. This includes routine veterinary visits for preventative care, such as flea and tick prevention.  

Thanks to a partnership between the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society and Vetster, an additional level of care for the animals at our centres is just a click away. Vetster provides on-demand online veterinary appointments by connecting pet parents to thousands of licensed veterinarians through video chat appointments 24/7.  Here are some commonly asked questions you may have about this service and how it could benefit your animals.    

What is Vetster?   

Vetster is a veterinary telemedicine company that provides on-demand online veterinary appointments by connecting pet parents to thousands of licensed veterinarians through video chat appointments 24/7.    

Can it be used for emergencies?   

For life-threatening emergencies, please proceed to your nearest emergency veterinary hospital.    

Are the vets licensed in Canada?   

Vetster is available across Canada. Simply search for a licensed veterinarian or veterinary technician by province on vetster.com    

What kind of health conditions can Vetster treat?   

Vetster has thousands of veterinary professionals ready to assist you with your health or medical concerns, 24 hours a day. Online prescriptions may also be available at the discretion of the treating veterinarian.  

How does the Ontario SPCA use Vetster to help animals?   

Vetster provides an additional level of care for the animals at Ontario SPCA animal centres. The Vetster service is designed to complement routine veterinary care.   

Ontario SPCA foster volunteers will also have free access to the service. Plus, Ontario SPCA adopters receive one complimentary appointment to ensure they’re off to a great start in their new life together.    

Animals who have undergone spay/neuter surgery through our spay/neuter services, including the SPCA Mobile Animal Wellness Services unit, will have access to a virtual care appointment post-surgery at no cost to their family.   

To learn more about this service and if it could be a good fit for your furry family, visit vetster.com  

 

For more than 150 years, the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society has been at the heart of changing the lives of animals in need. Our mission is to keep pets and families together, and we do so through a variety of community support services. Whether through pet food distribution, spay/neuter clinics, or collaboration with Northern communities, we are dedicated to helping animals and the people who love them. 

Thanks to your support, 2024 was a year brimming with impactful moments for animals and excitement in communities across Ontario! Here’s a closer look at the ways you have helped us change the lives of animals. 

Pet food distribution 

Last year, the Ontario SPCA distributed a total of 367,239 lbs of pet food to community food banks and partners, including 64,750 lbs to partners in Northern Ontario. This food distribution has provided 961,534 meals in total, helping 89,635 animals. 

This represents a 39% increase in the amount of pet food the Ontario SPCA has distributed to food banks year over year. This means more happy and full furry bellies thanks to the support from our corporate partners, donors and volunteers. 

Northern outreach 

In the North, we work with remote communities where access to basic pet services is often limited. In 2024, we supported 32 communities across Northern Ontario with pet food, supplies, spay/neuter and animal rehoming initiatives. 

Through 10 trips, totalling over 23,504 km, we were able to transfer 225 animals (including 184 cats and 41 dogs) to regions where families were waiting to adopt. We also distributed 64,750 lbs of pet food, which equates to153,946 meals.  

Spay/neuter clinics 

Preventing pet overpopulation is a core focus, and our spay/neuter programs are vital in this effort. In total, 9,276 spay/neuter procedures were completed in 2024, preventing an estimated 539,120 potentially unwanted offspring. This includes procedures at our Stouffville and Barrie clinics, where 6,905 procedures were performed, preventing 392,240 potentially unwanted puppies and kittens. 

Additionally, our MASH-style clinics performed 714 procedures, preventing 51,040 unwanted offspring, and our Mobile Animal Wellness Services unit performed 896 surgeries, preventing an estimated 52,160 potentially unwanted animals. Through these efforts, we’re reducing the number of potentially homeless animals, while also making spay/neuter services more accessible to underserved communities 

Basic veterinary services 

The Ontario SPCA also provides a range of basic veterinary services for families without the means to take their animal to a local veterinarian for routine care to ensure pets remain happy and healthy. Last year, 968 physical exams were conducted at our Barrie and Stouffville clinics. These clinics also administered 1,761 vaccines, 79 microchips, and provided 294 subsidized appointments, all part of our commitment to keeping pets with their families. 

Animal care and adoption 

Last year, we saw a significant increase in the number of animals finding loving homes at our 12 animal centres across the province. A total of 5,721 animals were adopted—an impressive 25% increase over the previous year. This includes 1,720 dogs, 3,774 cats, and 227 small animals. We’ve also reunited 820 lost animals with their families. 

Humane education 

As part of our ongoing efforts to promote animal welfare, we reached over 13,235 students through our AnimalSmart™ program. We delivered 603 presentations, including the launch of our new theme, “Animals in Our Community”, which was delivered to 17 classrooms. These programs are shaping the future generation of animal advocates, teaching them the importance of empathy, compassion, and responsible pet parenting. 

Continued growth and outreach 

Our goal is to ensure every animal has the chance to live a happy, healthy life, and with your help, we can achieve even more in 2025.  

As a registered charity that does not receive annual government funding, the Ontario SPCA depends on the generosity of donors to make these programs and services possible. Together, we’re making a real difference in the lives of animals and the people who care for them. Please consider donating today. 

 

Resource guarding, also known as “possessive aggression,” occurs when a dog displays protective behaviours over items they consider valuable. This behaviour can include food, toys, or even people. It’s a natural behaviour rooted in their ancestral need to protect resources. While some dogs may have a genetic predisposition to resource guarding, it can also be learned through experiences.

Resource guarding becomes problematic when dogs exhibit these behaviours towards people or other pets in a home or other environments. It’s crucial to work with a qualified trainer or certified behaviour consultant to modify resource guarding behaviours e ectively. Remember, resource guarding stems from fear and dogs do not comprehend why their behaviour may be inappropriate. It can worsen in the presence of other animals or unfamiliar people.

Signs include:

• Stiff body posture or hovering over an item
• Whale eye (whites of the eyes showing)
• Ears pinned back or to the side
• Showing teeth or lip licking
• Growling, snarling, or snapping
• Moving to block access to the item or food

When guarding food, dogs may eat quickly, snatch food, or jab at their bowl. With toys or other items, they may hide or move away with the item, pin it down, or cover it.

The “do’s” and “don’ts”:

• Don’t: attempt to take items from your dog when they display guarding behaviours. Instead, “trade up” by o ering something of higher value and then safely remove the item.
• Don’t: punish your dog for resource guarding. Instead, try to understand that they are fearful, not malicious, when displaying these behaviours.
• Do: feed your dog away from people or other animals and avoid putting your hands near their food while they eat. If necessary, toss high value treats into their bowl from a distance.
• Do: keep known or suspected guarded items out of reach to prevent conflicts.

Understanding and addressing resource guarding in dogs requires patience and understanding. By working closely with a certified behaviour consultant, you can develop strategies to modify these behaviours positively. Remember, resource guarding is rooted in fear, and creating a safe and supportive environment for your dog is essential. With proper guidance and empathy, you can help your dog feel more secure and reduce instances of resource guarding.

If this information was helpful, please help us continue to educate about pet health and well-being by making a donation. As a registered charity that does not receive annual government funding, the Ontario SPCA and Humane depends on the generosity of donors to change the lives of animals in need.